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Il fiore tra le spine

Mese: Giugno 2018

Come far fiorire i cactus e le piante grasse: cosa c’è da sapere e quali accorgimenti usare

Colorate, appariscenti, effimere. Le fioriture dei cactus sono improvvise esplosioni di energia. In molti casi i bocci si sviluppano in pochi giorni per aprirsi nell’arco di una manciata di ore, lasciando a bocca aperta i neofiti della coltivazione di queste piante e, soprattutto, chi non ha alcuna dimestichezza con le succulente.

In questi anni ho notato che riguardo ai cactus, e in particolare alle loro fioriture, c’è molta disinformazione. Chi non coltiva queste piante arriva addirittura a stupirsi che possano fiorire, né più né meno di quel che fanno gli esemplari di tutte le altre famiglie vegetali, dimenticando che il fiore è alla base della riproduzione di quasi tutte le piante. Altri restano impressionati nell’apprendere che anche i cactus possono fiorire in abbondanza e a più riprese durante la stagione vegetativa, pensando forse che la fioritura di una cactacea è un evento eccezionale, quasi unico.

Niente di più errato: tutte le cactacee fioriscono regolarmente e se ci sono specie relativamente “avare”, ossia in grado di produrre pochi fiori e per periodi molto limitati durante l’anno, ci sono anche specie particolarmente generose, capaci di regalare fioriture a più riprese per interi mesi (ad esempio Echinopsis, Astrophytum, Strombocactus, Gymnocalycium, Trichocereus).

Quali accorgimenti e quali pratiche dovremo seguire per assicurarci fioriture annuali il più abbondanti possibile? Affrontiamo tutti questi temi in dettaglio nell’articolo che segue.

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Facile da coltivare e generosa con le fioriture: Lobivia ferox, pianta ideale per chi ama le spine

Piante riservate esclusivamente agli amanti delle spine. Chi non apprezza le cactacee “agguerrite” difficilmente si accosterà alla Lobivia ferox, una tra le specie più spinose dell’intero genere e al tempo stesso una delle cactacee più “armate”. Gli esemplari di questa specie sono infatti molto variabili tra di loro, ma ad accomunarli è la presenza massiccia di spine robuste, lunghe, puntute e in alcuni casi ricurve e uncinate.

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Arriva l’estate: le cure stagionali per cactacee e succulente, le annaffiature e l’estivazione

L’estate è una stagione relativamente tranquilla per chi coltiva cactacee. Le cose da fare, infatti, non sono poi molte. I trattamenti preventivi sono già stati fatti e i rinvasi, sebbene all’occorrenza si possano fare in qualsiasi momento, è bene sospenderli in questo periodo, in cui le piante sono in vegetazione e in piena fioritura.

Anche per quanto riguarda le fertilizzazioni è bene fermarsi in questo periodo, confinandole alla primavera e al mese di settembre. Complessivamente, il grosso del lavoro, nelle settimane che vanno da metà giugno a tutto agosto si concentra sulle annaffiature, che dovranno essere calibrate a seconda delle specie che si coltivano. In alcuni casi, con determinate piante, sarà opportuno sospenderle del tutto per evitare ristagni e marciumi.

Ci sono infatti piante che vegetano bene anche in questi mesi e piante che rallentano la vegetazione. Altre ancora, nei mesi più caldi, come luglio e agosto, fermano del tutto la vegetazione per riprendere a crescere alla volta di settembre, non appena le massime si saranno leggermente abbassate. Questo fenomeno, il blocco della vegetazione in coincidenza con le settimane più calde, prende il nome di “estivazione” ed è bene conoscerne gli effetti per evitare rischi nella coltivazione.

Nell’articolo che segue vediamo in dettaglio quello che c’è da fare in vista dell’estate per preparare al meglio cactus e succulente ed evitare problemi.

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