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Il fiore tra le spine

Mese: Settembre 2020

Ricoverare cactus e succulente in autunno: cosa fare e quando sospendere le bagnature

Il discorso vale tanto per chi dispone di una serra quanto per chi coltiva le sue piante grasse su un terrazzo, su un balcone, in giardino o sui davanzali. Ci sono infatti cactus e succulente che possono restare all’aperto anche durante i mesi invernali, in particolare nelle regioni del Sud Italia, e altre che invece hanno bisogno di sospensione delle bagnature e un riparo dalla pioggia e dalle gelate. Altre succulente ancora, come Melocactus, Discocactus, o Adenium, non tollerano le basse temperature e vanno ricoverate direttamente in casa durante l’inverno.

Chi ha una serra può limitarsi a sospendere le bagnature e a chiuderla e, se coltiva anche piante che non possono stare a temperature al di sotto di un certo limite, impostare il termostato dell’impianto di riscaldamento. Tuttavia, anche chi ha una serra, come me, molto spesso tiene parecchie piante all’esterno nei mesi che vanno da metà marzo a metà ottobre per dare loro il massimo dell’esposizione e dell’aria. In questi casi, né più né meno di chi deve portare le sue succulente dal terrazzo al sottoscala, si dovrà effettuare un “trasloco”, riportando all’interno della serra le succulente che non possono ricevere pioggia o sopportare eventuali gelate durante i mesi freddi.

Il momento è importante e delicato, e può determinare il successo o il fallimento della nostra coltivazione alla ripresa vegetativa, durante la primavera dell’anno successivo. Vediamo allora qui di seguito tutto quello che serve per preparare al meglio cactus e piante succulente all’autunno e all’inverno. (…)

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Cactus in piena terra in Pianura Padana, con freddo e pioggia: un esperimento di coltivazione

La grande resistenza dei cactus alla siccità, la loro capacità di tollerare il sole intenso, la rusticità di alcune specie in grado di sopportare le basse temperature sono note. Altrettanto note sono la sensibilità di queste piante all’umidità ambientale persistente e ai terricci poco drenanti e che restano bagnati a lungo, in particolare in inverno, quando la maggior parte delle specie sospendono la vegetazione e vanno in stasi.

E’ per queste ragioni che se da una parte è cosa normale coltivare cactacee in piena terra in alcune regioni del Sud Italia o in Paesi europei a clima mite come Spagna e Grecia o direttamente negli stati di origine delle cactacee (Stati Uniti e Messico ad esempio), è invece del tutto inusuale coltivare succulente all’aperto, en plein air, negli stati centrali o settentrionali dell’Europa, o nelle regioni settentrionali italiane… Pianura Padana compresa, caratterizzata da inverni freddi e umidi a causa della nebbia (sebbene negli ultimi anni sia la nebbia che il freddo si siano ridotti anche in questa zona).

In queste aree geografiche, da ottobre a marzo è necessario riparare la maggior parte delle cactacee in serre, verande, garage, sottoscala, dove le minime non scendono sotto lo zero, e sospendere le annaffiature. La sola idea di lasciare all’aperto i cactus, esposti alle intemperie, era considerata fino a qualche anno fa folle. Figurarsi piantare cactus in piena terra in Lombardia, nel cuore della Pianura Padana: roba da matti.

E questo è esattamente quello che ho fatto e che ho documentato anche fotograficamente nell’articolo che segue. (…)

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Cosa fare dopo aver comprato un cactus o una pianta grassa: pulizia delle radici e rinvaso

Ho finalmente trovato quell’esemplare di cactus che cercavo da mesi, oppure ho semplicemente comprato quella pianta grassa che ho visto per caso in un vivaio e subito mi è piaciuta. E adesso? La porto a casa e la metto accanto alle altre? La lascio in quarantena? La rinvaso, la sommergo di trattamenti contro parassiti, funghi, malattie varie? E questo blocco di torba in cui sono cementate le radici? Lo lascio, lo tolgo, come lo tolgo? 

Sono tante le domande che un appassionato alle prime armi si pone una volta acquistata una nuova succulenta. E’ a queste domande – che in molti mi avete posto con messaggi privati – che voglio rispondere con questo articolo dedicato ai meno esperti ma, ritengo, utile anche a chi magari coltiva cactus e piante grasse già da qualche tempo. Il discorso vale in particolare per le piante acquistate “in loco” e non online, dal momento che queste ultime in genere vengono spedite a radice nuda, ossia svasate e con le radici liberate dalla terra per ridurre il peso complessivo del pacco.

Non solo: il discorso vale, soprattutto, per le piante che abbiamo comprato presso garden o vivai non specializzati in succulente, sebbene le indicazioni siano comunque valide anche per piante provenienti da vivaisti specializzati, e questo per molte ragioni che vedremo nel corso dell’articolo. (…)

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