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Il fiore tra le spine

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E’ arrivata proprio dai cactus l’ispirazione per produrre idrogeno a costi più sostenibili

Che i cactus siano un piccolo miracolo della Natura, da un punto di vista “evoluzionistico” e per quanto concerne l’ingegnosità delle piante, è un fatto noto a chiunque abbia approfondito un minimo le caratteristiche e le capacità di questa famiglia botanica. Il loro modo di accumulare riserve idriche, di adattarsi a condizioni estreme e di escogitare soluzioni “creative” per far fronte alle avversità insite nei loro luoghi di origine è unico e sofisticato. In una parola, affascinante. E come spesso accade, l’uomo osserva la Natura e ne trae spunto per ricavare soluzioni a problemi o, semplicemente, per tentare di migliorare la propria condizione. Un curioso caso che segue queste dinamiche è stato recentemente riportato da alcuni siti internazionali specializzati e riguarda la produzione di idrogeno, che proprio grazie ai cactus, sebbene indirettamente, potrebbe rivelarsi economicamente più abbordabile.

Ecco in dettaglio di cosa si tratta (…).

Leggi tutto “E’ arrivata proprio dai cactus l’ispirazione per produrre idrogeno a costi più sostenibili”

I cactus, la primavera che non arriva e la pioggia che non dà tregua: dobbiamo preoccuparci?

Una primavera che stenta ad affermarsi, temperature che oscillano in continuazione con giornate soleggiate e molto calde e giornate uggiose col termometro in picchiata. Soprattutto, pioggia fitta quasi tutti i giorni da almeno una settimana, quantomeno qui al Nord. Molti, tra noi, hanno già trasferito le loro cactacee e succulente all’esterno, o hanno tolto le protezioni invernali (tessuto non tessuto o teli trasparenti). In tanti si preoccupano, alcuni corrono ai ripari riportando le piante al coperto, altri sono indecisi sul da farsi… E’ davvero il caso di preoccuparsi per la combinazione tra basse temperature e pioggia insistente?

Ecco in questo articolo qualche riflessione e la risposta alla domanda che in tanti mi state ponendo in questi giorni, come sempre sulla base di quello che ho imparato in anni di coltivazione (…).

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Piante in vegetazione con fiori e spine: quando possiamo riprendere ad annaffiare?

Con l’allungarsi delle giornate in prossimità dell’arrivo della primavera, le cactacee escono dalla stasi e riprendono la vegetazione. Ce ne accorgiamo dalla produzione di nuove spine, anzitutto: è sufficiente osservare con attenzione l’apice delle piante per vedere i nuovi aculei spuntare dalle areole. I fusti possono ancora essere sgonfi a seguito dei mesi di asciutta invernale, ma le piante “sentono” l’arrivo della bella stagione – soprattutto dal lieve aumento delle temperature e dall’allungarsi del fotoperiodo – e, anche senza aver ricevuto acqua, escono dallo stato di dormienza. Moltissime cactacee, tra febbraio e marzo, danno il via alle fioriture. Tra i generi più precoci, i Turbinicarpus, gli Strombocactus, molte specie di Mammillaria, gli Ancistrocactus e gli Stenocactus, che in queste settimane si riempiono di boccioli. Le nuove spine sono invece evidenti in alcune specie di Echinocactus (soprattutto E. texensis ed E. parryi), Ferocactus e Neoporteria (=Eriosyce).

Attenzione, però: se la ripresa della vegetazione è evidente e le fioriture sono in molti casi già in corso, non è detto che si debba cominciare con le annaffiature. Molti coltivatori, infatti, sulla base di questi segnali sono indotti a pensare che sia il momento di riprendere ad irrigare le cactacee. Molto spesso questa “fretta” si rivela disastrosa, perché se è vero che le piante stanno tornando in vegetazione, è altrettanto vero che l’apparato radicale può non essere ancora attivo. In queste condizioni, bagnare il substrato quando le temperature non si sono ancora assestate e permangono minime notturne non superiori a 4-5 gradi può innescare il marciume. 

Vediamo allora quando è opportuno riprendere le irrigazioni e cosa fare in previsione dell’arrivo della primavera. (…)

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Attenzione alle fioriture invernali: da qui può innescarsi il marciume. Ecco le specie a rischio

Purtroppo è un fenomeno meno raro di quel che si può pensare. Proprio il fiore, la massima espressione della pianta, il suo strumento per riprodursi e salvaguardare la specie, può trasformarsi nel suo carnefice. Con le cactacee, piante che necessitano di un riposo stagionale corrispondente con i mesi invernali, il fiore talvolta può essere fatale. Accade ovviamente solo con quelle specie che fioriscono in pieno inverno, dunque una ristretta minoranza rispetto alla totalità delle cactacee. Ma spesso è proprio da lì, da quel fiore che sboccia in dicembre o in gennaio, che si innesca il marciume che, se trascurato o non visto, può condurre l’esemplare alla morte. E’ quello che è successo a due miei Ferocactus latispinus in questi giorni. O meglio, nelle scorse settimane, solo che il danno si è palesato recentemente. E ormai era tardi per intervenire e salvare le piante.

In questo articolo approfondiamo questo fenomeno e vediamo cosa si può fare per prevenirlo o, quantomeno, riuscire a intervenire prima che il marciume passi dal fiore alla pianta. (…)

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Preparare cactus e succulente all’autunno: ecco tutto quello che c’è da fare

Ultime giornate calde, poi l’autunno entrerà nel vivo. Per chi coltiva cactus e piante succulente questo è un periodo delicato: è infatti necessario sapere esattamente quando sospendere le annaffiature, quali trattamenti fare alle piante e quando cominciare a ricoverarle in luogo riparato in attesa che arrivi l’inverno. Quasi tutti i cactus e molte succulente, infatti, durante i mesi invernali vanno in stasi. In altre parole bloccano la crescita e recuperano le energie per poter affrontare la successiva stagione vegetativa. Il freddo, per queste piante, è un alleato prezioso, in particolare per le fioriture, ma è necessario sapere come gestirlo perché è sufficiente un banale errore di annaffiatura per rischiare il marciume radicale della pianta.

In questo articolo e nel video a corredo dello scritto vediamo cosa fare in questo periodo dell’anno.

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